Arduino ESP32S3与INMP441麦克风模块实现音频传输 高清录音接收端高清播放

本教程展示了如何使用ESP32开发板与INMP441麦克风模块进行音频采集，并通过UDP将音频数据传输到Windows主机进行播放。通过简单的代码，你可以实时接收和播放麦克风输入的音频。

小提示：确保ESP32和Windows主机连接在同一个WiFi网络下，以便成功传输数据。
硬件连接
材料：

ESP32开发板
INMP441麦克风模块
连接线
连接方式：

INMP441 VCC → ESP32的3.3V
INMP441 GND → ESP32的GND
INMP441 SCK → ESP32的GPIO 17
INMP441 WS → ESP32的GPIO 18
INMP441 SD → ESP32的GPIO 16

2. 硬件端代码
   开发板：ESP32S3 Dev Module
   IDE：Arduino IDE

#include <Arduino.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <driver/i2s.h>
#include <WiFiUdp.h>

#define I2S_WS 18
#define I2S_SD 16
#define I2S_SCK 17
#define I2S_PORT I2S_NUM_0
#define bufferLen 1024  // 调整缓冲区大小为1024

const char* ssid = "NBWIFI";           
const char* password = "z7758521";    
const char* host = "192.168.3.18"; // 电脑的IP地址
const int port = 8888; // 监听的端口

WiFiUDP udp;  // 使用 UDP 协议进行数据传输
int16_t sBuffer[bufferLen];

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(115200);
    Serial.println("Setup I2S ...");
    
    // 连接WiFi
    setup_wifi();
    
    delay(1000);
    i2s_install();
    i2s_setpin();
    i2s_start(I2S_PORT);
    delay(500);
}

void loop() {
    size_t bytesIn = 0;
    esp_err_t result = i2s_read(I2S_PORT, &sBuffer, bufferLen * sizeof(int16_t), &bytesIn, portMAX_DELAY);
    if (result == ESP_OK && bytesIn > 0) {
        // 发送音频数据到服务器
        udp.beginPacket(host, port);
        udp.write((uint8_t*)sBuffer, bytesIn);
        udp.endPacket();
    }
}

void setup_wifi() {
    delay(10);
    Serial.println();
    Serial.print("正在连接到WIFI ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
    while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
        delay(600);
        Serial.print("-");
    }
    Serial.println("WiFi 已连接");
    Serial.println("IP 地址: ");
    Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

void i2s_install() {
    const i2s_config_t i2s_config = {
        .mode = (i2s_mode_t)(I2S_MODE_MASTER | I2S_MODE_RX),
        .sample_rate = 48000,  // 增加采样率以提高音频质量
        .bits_per_sample = I2S_BITS_PER_SAMPLE_16BIT,
        .channel_format = I2S_CHANNEL_FMT_ONLY_LEFT,
        .communication_format = (i2s_comm_format_t)(I2S_COMM_FORMAT_STAND_I2S),
        .intr_alloc_flags = 0,
        .dma_buf_count = 16,  // 增加DMA缓冲区数量
        .dma_buf_len = bufferLen,
        .use_apll = false
    };

    i2s_driver_install(I2S_PORT, &i2s_config, 0, NULL);
}

void i2s_setpin() {
    const i2s_pin_config_t pin_config = {
        .bck_io_num = I2S_SCK,
        .ws_io_num = I2S_WS,
        .data_out_num = I2S_PIN_NO_CHANGE,
        .data_in_num = I2S_SD
    };

    i2s_set_pin(I2S_PORT, &pin_config);
}

python 接收端

import socket
import pyaudio
import numpy as np

# 设置音频参数
CHUNK = 1024  # 每个数据包的大小
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16  # 数据格式为 16 位整型
CHANNELS = 1 # 单声道
RATE = 48000  # 采样率 44.1kHz

# 创建 PyAudio 对象
p = pyaudio.PyAudio()

# 打开音频流
stream = p.open(format=FORMAT,
                channels=CHANNELS,
                rate=RATE,
                output=True)

# 设置 UDP 服务器
server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
server_socket.bind(('0.0.0.0', 8888))  # 监听所有可用接口，端口 8888

# 获取连接的 IP 地址和端口
ip_address, port = server_socket.getsockname()

print(f"IP 地址: {ip_address}, 端口: {port}")

# 放大音量的因子
volume_factor = 100.0

try:
    print("等待音频数据流...")

    while True:
        # 接收数据和客户端地址
        data, addr = server_socket.recvfrom(CHUNK * CHANNELS * 2)  # 接收数据包（每个 int16 占用 2 个字节）
        if not data:
            break

        # 将接收到的字节数据转换为 NumPy 数组
        audio_data = np.frombuffer(data, dtype=np.int16)

        # 放大音量
        audio_data = np.clip(audio_data * volume_factor, -32768, 32767).astype(np.int16)

        # 播放放大音量后的音频数据
        stream.write(audio_data.tobytes())

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    pass
finally:
    stream.stop_stream()
    stream.close()
    p.terminate()
    server_socket.close()

c# 接收播放

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
using NAudio.Wave;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // 设置音频参数
        int chunkSize = 1024;  // 每个数据包的大小
        int sampleRate = 48000;  // 采样率 48kHz
        int channels = 1;  // 单声道
        int bytesPerSample = 2;  // 每个样本的字节数 (16 位整型)

        // 创建 UDP 服务器
        UdpClient udpClient = new UdpClient(8888);
        IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 8888);

        // 获取连接的 IP 地址和端口
        IPEndPoint localEndPoint = (IPEndPoint)udpClient.Client.LocalEndPoint;
        Console.WriteLine($"IP 地址: {localEndPoint.Address}, 端口: {localEndPoint.Port}");

        // 放大音量的因子
        float volumeFactor = 100.0f;

        // 创建 NAudio WaveOut 设备
        WaveOutEvent waveOut = new WaveOutEvent();
        BufferedWaveProvider waveProvider = new BufferedWaveProvider(new WaveFormat(sampleRate, 16, channels));
        waveOut.Init(waveProvider);
        waveOut.Play();

        Console.WriteLine("等待音频数据流...");

        try
        {
            while (true)
            {
                // 接收数据和客户端地址
                byte[] data = udpClient.Receive(ref remoteEndPoint);
                if (data.Length == 0)
                    break;

                // 将接收到的字节数据转换为短整型数组
                short[] audioData = new short[data.Length / bytesPerSample];
                Buffer.BlockCopy(data, 0, audioData, 0, data.Length);

                // 放大音量
                for (int i = 0; i < audioData.Length; i++)
                {
                    audioData[i] = (short)Math.Max(short.MinValue, Math.Min(audioData[i] * volumeFactor, short.MaxValue));

                }

                // 播放放大音量后的音频数据
                byte[] amplifiedData = new byte[audioData.Length * bytesPerSample];
                Buffer.BlockCopy(audioData, 0, amplifiedData, 0, amplifiedData.Length);
                waveProvider.AddSamples(amplifiedData, 0, amplifiedData.Length);
            }
        }
        catch (SocketException ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"SocketException: {ex.Message}");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Exception: {ex.Message}");
        }
        finally
        {
            waveOut.Stop();
            waveOut.Dispose();
            udpClient.Close();
        }
    }
}

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_74276051/article/details/143181595

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